exit code

In Bash scripting, `PIPESTATUS` is an array variable that captures exit statuses of commands within a pipeline, offering a detailed check for each component. This feature is crucial for enhanced error handling and robust script execution, ensuring each step of the pipeline functions as intended.

When using `local var=$(cmd)` in bash functions, the exit code of `cmd` is overridden by the exit code of the `local` command, which often returns 0. To preserve the exit status of `cmd`, first declare the variable with `local output`, then assign separately with `output=$(cmd)`. This ensures correct capture of the exit status.